England’s red squirrel population stands on a knife edge as grey squirrels continue to spread. Once numbering millions, only about 38,900 reds remain in England, mostly in isolated northern areas and the Isle of Wight. Grey squirrels outcompete reds for food and carry squirrelpox, which kills reds but leaves greys unharmed. Habitat loss has worsened the decline, as reds depend on ancient woodland.
The government has launched a new action plan to expand woodland and reduce grey squirrel numbers. Nature minister Mary Creagh said the plan aims to protect endangered reds while managing greys. Proposed measures include fertility control vaccines, woodland creation, and incentives for landowners to remove greys.
Conservationists welcome the plan but say it falls short. Matt Larsen-Daw of the Mammal Society warned that red squirrel strongholds are increasingly vulnerable and need more funding support. Save Our Reds also called for urgent action beyond policy promises.
Experts see hope in long-term solutions such as grey squirrel contraception and the return of pine martens. Studies show pine martens reduce grey numbers while allowing reds to recover. Campaigners say these combined efforts could still secure a future for England’s red squirrels.
